Validation Studies

Validation Studies

The DAVID equipment has been subjected to several validation studies. In this overview you will find the most relevant studies and a complete list of all studies conducted so far. Ongoing research is being conducted on the validation of our equipment. When the studies are published they will be included on this page.

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Isometric reliability test

Objective
To investigate the reliability of mobility measurement and isometric strength measurement in David spine devices.

Method
Measurements were performed on three different days by an experienced tester. The time interval between each examination day was 72 hours. Tests were performed with David Spine devices.

Outcome
The isometric strength measurements showed a strong correlation (r=0.94-0.99). Also the correlation in mobility measurements (in those movement direction where it was measured) was strong (r=0.90-0.98).

Access Study

Denner A. Muskuläre Profile der Wirbelsäule. Berlin, Heidelberg; Springer; 1997. Chapter 7.4, Ergebnisse Eigener Reliabilitäts- und Validitätsuntersuchungen; p. 163–178.

Muscle activity in target muscles in different movement directions of the spine

Objective
To analyze the muscle activity of the target muscles compared to other muscles in David Spine devices.

Methods
EMG was used to test the isolation of target muscles during maximal isometric contraction. In 110 and 130 devices also muscle activation during submaximal dynamic muscle work (70% of 1 RM) was tested.

Outcome
Fixation in David Spine devices seems to effectively activate target muscles and inhibit other muscles.

Access Study

Denner A. Muskuläre Profile der Wirbelsäule. Berlin, Heidelberg; Springer; 1997. Chapter 7.4, Ergebnisse Eigener Reliabilitäts- und Validitätsuntersuchungen; p. 163–178.

Intra- and inter-tester reliability and reference values for isometric neck strength.

Objective
To determine intra- and inter-tester reliability and age- and sex-specific reference values for isometric neck strength in extension, flexion and lateral flexion in sitting position measured with David 140 device.

Methods
Reliability: Intra-tester reliability was studied in three repeated test trials, with 10 minutes of rest between the measurement series. Inter-tester reliability was studied by repeating the procedure with each of the three test leaders at the same time of the day, on three different occasions, with an interval of one week between test series.

Reference values: One maximal effort for about six to eight seconds was registered in each movement direction for each subject.

Outcome
Intra-tester reliability, for all three test leaders, expressed as the ICC value was 0.94–0.97 for neck strength in extension, flexion, lateral flexion (right/left). Inter-tester reliability among the three test leaders was 0.86–0.95 in the four directions. For all three test leaders, and for almost all directions, measurement one was found to have the highest value. Results show that Intra- and inter-tester reliability of the 140 was very good to excellent.

Access Study

Peolsson A, ÖBerg B, Hedlund R. Intra- and inter-tester reliability and reference values for isometric neck strength. Physiotherapy Research International 2001;6(1):15-26.

Overview validation studies:

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